Dances with wolves movie review

Dances with wolves movie review

Dances With Wolves. In 1990 when I saw Dances with Wolves I felt uplifted. Given his choice of posts as a reward, he picks the frontier and is stationed at an abandoned, run-down fort. I compared these versions - - 20th Anniversary Edition Blu-ray Dances with Wolves is a great film. Alienated from his own, Dunbar befriends and eventually joins the Mar 14, 1999 · Dances with Wolves is a beautiful, moving film about the closing of the American frontier and all that disappeared with it. Blu-ray reviews, news, specs, ratings, screenshots. Rated PG13 (violence, profanity, vulgaity, nudity, sex) By now you probably know — the word is out — Kevin Costner's "Dances With Wolves" is both an amazing accomplishment for a fledgling director and a solid box-office success among audiences in cities Film Dances With Wolves, Kevin Costner,1990. [2] Union Lieutenant John Dunbar finds himself stranded in the wilderness and comes to Nov 15, 2023 · In the book Dances with Wolves, we follow the journey of Lieutenant John Dunbar, a Civil War soldier who is sent to a remote outpost in the Dakota Territory. Like much of the "noble savage" literature of the past, the story tends to idealize rather than humanize Native American culture. Read More Read Less At the very start of the film, a man is about to have his leg amputated. John Dunbar, “I have just pissed in my pants, and Mar 1, 2016 · Kevin Costner directed the film starring Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, and Graham Greene. animal trainer: wolves John Porter worldwide distribution director Paul 'Sled' Reynolds animal trainer: wolves Rhonda S. In actual viewing terms, this longer version Dances With Wolves Reviews. Dunbar quickly makes friends with the tribe, and discovers a white Dances with Wolves: Directed by Kevin Costner. Dances With Wolves Movie Review Essay. The unexpected success of ''Dances With Wolves''. Dances With Wolves, Thunderheart, Last of the Mohicans, Indian in the Cupbard to name a few. The wound is shown briefly closeup, and it's graphic. Most of the time they aren't. Original title: Dances with Wolves. Alone in the middle of the prairie, his first visitor is a curious wolf he names Two Socks, who is both a bridge to the untamed Lt. The film is also mentioned in other places. Dances with Wolves is a 1990 American epic Western war film directed, produced by, and starring Kevin Costner. A soldier stationed in North Dakota leaves his post to join a nearby Sioux tribe. ANTH 2306: Anthropology at the Movies, Section D04 Name: Braxton Iden Date: August 1st, 2016 R# Running time: 190 minutes. 11-12+ for themes, one sex scene and violence. I cant argue against it. DANCES WITH WOLVES: Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell. Grant. Share. Type of service: Academic writing Editing & Proofreading Calculations. Costner’s film, made at the height of his massive popularity garnered from films like Field of Dreams , Bull Durham , and The Untouchables , single-handedly ushered in the rebirth of Nov 9, 1990 · Wounded Civil War soldier, John Dunbar tries to commit suicide—and becomes a hero instead. Rewarded for his heroism in the Civil War, Lt. PG-13. A suicidal former Union soldier ends up joining a Sioux tribe. What does Wind in his Hair declare? The Pawnee; the enemy of my enemy is my friend. DANCES WITH WOLVES (1990) The Western as a genre was pretty much passe outside a Clint Eastwood film when Dances With Wolves came to the screen. Video dances-with-wolves-1990_202208 Reviews There are no reviews yet. The Holy Road (Dances With Wolves #2), Michael Blake. Smiles A Lot. Starring: Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene. Georgi Kostov · Follow. 160 pages, Hardcover. He is assigned to an abandoned fort, where a Sioux tribe is his only neighbor. Originally written as an unsold spec script, it was converted into a novel at the behest of Kevin Costner; [1] it was adapted into a film of the same name, directed by Costner, in 1990. Wounded Civil War soldier, John Dunbar tries to commit suicide—and becomes a hero instead. Nov 21, 1990 · Dances with Wolves: Directed by Kevin Costner. As a reward, he's assigned to his dream post, a remote junction on the Western frontier, and soon makes unlikely friends with the local Sioux tribe. Nov 28, 2017 · When Lieutenant Dunbar is alone with his pet wolf, he’s like Robinson Crusoe on Mars. John Dunbar (Kevin Costner) wants to see the American Oct 13, 2019 · Excellent But Mature Movie. 35:1 aspect ratio. Kevin Costner. Alone in an abandoned fort DANCES WITH WOLVES is Kevin Costner’s earnest, but confused tribute to life among an idealized tribe of handsome American Plains Indians before the intrusion of the ugly, evil, greedy white man. John Dunbar (Kevin Costner) wants to see the American frontier before it is gone. War hero Lieutenant John Dunbar requests an assignment to a remote outpost in the American West. MGM's Blu-ray of Dances With Wolves 20th Anniversary Extended Cut shows more studio commitment than most current library releases. These new editions published in 2001 by Hrymfaxe, is a sequel to Dances With Wolves. In the first war sequence, a soldier rides across a battlefield with gunfire The cinematography is grand and the scenes sweeping in a way that is reminiscent of Lawrence of Arabia (1962), which also won 7 Oscars, six of them in the same categories. The violence is graphic and, at times, perpetrated because of racism, ignorance, or barbarity. Visit JustWatch for more information. docx from ANTH 2306 at Texas Tech University. John Dunbar asks to be reassigned to the western frontier. All Reviews Editor's Choice Game Reviews Movie Reviews TV Show Reviews Tech Reviews. In order to use this service, the client needs to Dances with Wolves is a film directed by Kevin Costner with Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene, Rodney A. PG-13 3 hr 1 min Oct 19th, 1990 Drama, Adventure, Western. Its a masterpiece. Reviews in chronological order (Total 0 reviews) A Story of Children and Film review â Mark Cousins's 'spine-tingling' visual essay. 1990. John Dunbar (Costner, Rumor Has It, 3000 Miles to Graceland) becomes a hero of the United States Civil War after his choice for a quick death in battle rather than slow agony on the operating table leads to major Union victory. A great deal of callous disrespect is shown by soldiers towards the people and animals of the west. Nov 9, 1990 · Rewarded for his heroism in the Civil War, Lt. Jan 18, 2011 · As a result, Dances with Wolves - twenty years later - might just be the most sincere film to ever come from out of the (mostly) deplorable depths of Hollywood. Read Dances with Wolves reviews from kids and teens on Common Sense Inside everyone is a frontier waiting to be discovered. Dances With Wolves Movie Review Essay, Cheap Speech Writing Site Online, Professional Thesis Proposal Writers Sites For Mba, Custom College Homework Help, Fantasy Football Essays, Nutrition Research Proposal Example, 12 Angry Man Essay Stanford Filmbay 381 Html. ID 11622. Nov 21, 1990 · Dances With Wolves is a English movie released on 21 Nov, 1990. 1. Dances With Wolves is an EXCELLENT movie that accurately portrays the times. May 24, 2018 · References. Attracted by the simplicity of their lifestyle, he chooses to leave his former life behind to be with them. As a reward, he's Jan 28, 2012 · “Dances with Wolves” has had several incarnations on disc format and this offering on Blu-ray is but the latest. . Dances With Wolves: 20th Anniversary Edition Blu-ray Review. View Notes - Dances with Wolves 1990 Movie Review. Best of 1990. John Dunbar (Kevin Costner), a soldier in the American Civil War whose suicide attempt ends up bringing about a battle victory for his side. A Civil War soldier develops a relationship with a band of Lakota Indians. Now the customer can delegate any service and it will be carried out in the best possible way. Nov 16, 1990 · Time Capsule / Nov. Ying Tsai. Thievery and survival soon forced him into the Indian camp, where he began a dangerous adventure that changed his life forever. 7/5. Dances with Wolves, Michael Blake, Kevin Costner (Director) Dances with Wolves is a 1988 novel written by Michael Blake. How is the wolf used as a symbol at the end of the movie? Study with Oct 14, 1998 · Film review: Dances With Wolves. It's an intelligently structured adventure drama that's hard to put down, and a fascinating study in cross-cultural communication. Dunbar (Kevin Costner) is granted his wish when he is sent to tiny, ramshackle Fort Sedgwick. by Nick Schager. Neil Young provided some of the movie's animals. [Rating:5/5] Dances with Wolves was the movie 20 years ago and certainly the high water mark of Kevin Costner’s fim career both as an actor and director. John Dunbar is a Civil War veteran, exiled to a remote outpost to keep an eye on the Sioux Indians. Nov 21, 1990 · I suggest every Christian who has seen “Dances With Wolves” checks out these 11 pages of excellent and well researched material addressing a number of issues concerning early America, but the most poignant heading addressing the film is “Dances with Hollywood”—about 1 page long. Early on in Kevin Costner’s Dances with Wolves, a disturbed military bigwig tells Costner’s Lt. 16, 1990. Photo: Orion Pictures. Academic writing. Richards production assistant Don Robinson stand-in Chris Romberg post-production accountant Donna Bond Sanders production assistant May 5, 2015 · By Bruce Weber. it is Nothing's that simple. Jul 9, 2016 · A review requested by Christopher Pufall, with thanks for contributing to the Second Quinquennial Antagony & Ecstasy ACS Fundraiser. Show more. Jul 31, 2023 · "Dances with Wolves" is a lot of fun, and a lot more. It Dances With Wolves is a captivating adventure and wistful elegy that sprung from a fascination Costner and his buddy, writer Michael Blake, shared with an entire Baby Boomer generation who grew up Dances with Wolves (1990) from Indigenous Film Archive. John Dunbar in "Dances With Wolves. Dances With Wolves Hollywood Movie: Check out Kevin Costner's Dances With Wolves movie release date, review, cast & crew, trailer, songs, teaser, story, budget, first day collection, box office Jan 12, 2011 · Kevin Costner’s multi Oscar winning ‘Dances With Wolves’ rolls on to Region A locked American Blu-ray in its Extended Edition with a very good looking 1080p AVC/MPEG-4 transfer framed in the widescreen 2. it is not only great as a period film, capturing the beauty, challenge, and loneliness of Great Plains settlement life. Unfortunately, good intentions do not make a good film, and this self-indulgent, boring rehash of Rousseau’s anti-biblical noble savage theory does Mar 6, 2011 · The Film. Best of all Dances With Wolves shows the trails we all must take to become true human beings. Dunbar (Costner) wants to see the American frontier before it is gone. Surprised to survive both the conflict and his wounds, Dunbar asks for an assignment on the Frontier to see the West before it is tamed. This Blu-Ray reissue is the extended cut version, lasting nearly four hours or 55 minutes longer than the original theatrical release. Over the holidays I spent a lot of time with my family and finally saw Dances with Wolves. Which all these movies coincided with the 1492 anniversary of Columbus. There, he has a chance encounter with a local Sioux Rewarded for his heroism in the Civil War, Lt. A popular and commercial hit, Dances With Wolves is a revisionist Western that has not aged well, particularly when it comes to the second half of the film. ‘Dances With Wolves’ Plot Synopsis. Lieutenant John Dunbar, assigned to a remote western Civil War outpost, finds himself engaging with a neighbouring Sioux settlement, causing him to question his own purpose. With Kevin Costner, Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene, Rodney A. This beautifully photographed and well-acted film is a very special cross-cultural resource that explores in sympathetic and salutary ways the ideals of hospitality, empathy, humor, and friendship. ANTH 2306: Anthropology at the Movies, Section _ Name:_ Date:_ R#_ Dances with Wolves 1864. Watch on Apple iTunes. There was a wave of American Indian pride movies with the "White Savior" theme at its core, white man saves the heathens. Relive the adventure and beauty of the incredible movie, DANCES WITH WOLVES. Blake's screenplay and Mr. Lt. By Peter Travers. He requests a position on the western frontier, but finds it deserted. The film is painstakingly composed of small details of frontier and tribal life that should be riveting. This review is from Dances With Wolves [25th Anniversary] [Blu-ray] [1990] I would recommend this to a friend. Dunbar, who eventually becomes known as Dances with Jun 8, 2020 · Kevin Costner in a scene from the film ’Dances With Wolves’, 1990. SD. I loved Dances. Kevin Costner directed this particular movie in 1990. Who is acting as a guide for the union soldiers? Acts a symbol of resilience; nature never dies and will always heal. It's also one of the movies' most Jun 7, 2003 · Review: Dances with Wolves. While manning this isolated post, he develops a relationship with the Lakota Sioux and a white woman who has Feb 20, 1991 · Dances With Wolves Review. In Dances With Wolves, the US military sends Lieutenant John Dunbar to a remote outpost in the wilderness of the Dakota territory during the American Civil War. Mar 8, 1991 · Until 1987, when Costner and Wilson decided to try to make his novel into a movie, Blake had little more than his artistic principles and the generosity of friends to keep him going. John Dunbar is dubbed a hero after he accidentally leads Union troops to a victory during the Civil War. It is a film adaptation of the 1988 novel Dances with Wolves, by Michael Blake, that tells the story of Union Army Lieutenant John J. He requests a position on the western Nov 21, 1990 · About Dances with Wolves Movie (1990) On the frontier, a Civil War soldier John J. Jan 30, 2024 · Wolves succeeds in highlighting crucial historical changes in America and intertwining these changes with powerful one-on-one drama. 72 Metascore. HD. Genres: Revisionist Western, Period Drama, Epic. Two of the domesticated bison were borrowed from the rocker. Jan 13, 2024 · Jeremiah Johnson (1972) Little Big Man (1970) Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (2007) Legends of the Fall (1994) Into the West (2005) Black Robe (1991) The New World (2005) The Wall (2017) Discovering Cinematic Journeys – Movies Like Dances with Wolves. Eventually, he falls in love with the beautiful Stands With a Fist Nov 21, 1990 · Dances with Wolves. Before long, Dunbar is breaching orders in favor of his new friends. Rating. 35:1 AVC HD transfer really brings out the beauty in the film. This film is rated PG-13. Both discs in the set are Blu-rays, with the first containing the Fill out the form, choose the deadline, and pay the fee. Lieutenant John Dunbar narrowly escapes the madness of brutal… May 18, 2022. Michael Blake. REVIEWS HIRE. Directed by: Kevin Costner. Dances With Wolves is pretty pictures, exciting adventure and a pack of feel-good emotions in a perfect commercial package. As a reward, he’s assigned to his dream post, a remote junction on the Western frontier, and soon makes unlikely friends with the local Sioux tribe. The movie is directed by Kevin Costner and featured Kevin Costner and Mary McDonnell as lead characters. There are many sweeping landscape shots of the frontier and all look amazing on this restored transfer. Plesovi sa Vukovima, Танці з Apr 18, 2024 · I compared three Blu-ray versions of "Dances with Wolves," sampling scenes I've used in the past to subjectively weigh the transfer quality of multiple versions of the film, using a 55-inch, 1080p screen, Oppo Blu-ray player, with Denon Audyssey tuned system supporting B&W speakers. 1 year ago. Costner's direction of it are, with the exception of three memorable sequences, commonplace. JustWatch makes it easy to find out where you can legally watch your favorite movies & TV shows online. Dec 31, 2022 · Dances with Wolves, directed by Kevin Costner, was based on the book of the same name by Michael Blake, who thereafter wrote the screenplay for the film. Jun 1, 2001 · Seen as something as a breakthrough for the Western genre on its original theatrical release (presumably by those unfamiliar with Westerns), Dances with Wolves hasn't quite stood the test of time as well as other modern classics of the genre such as Clint Eastwood's Unforgiven or Maggie Greenwald's The Ballad of Little Jo. Drama. It was nominated for twelve awards at the 63rd Academy Awards Aug 1, 2016 · View Homework Help - Dances with Wolves 1990 Movie Review from ANTH 2306 at Texas Tech University. June 7, 2003. He soon finds out he is not alone, but meets a wolf he dubs "Two-socks" and a curious Sioux tribe. The Holy Road is an epic story of courage and honor. Eventually, he falls in love with the beautiful Stands With a Fist (Mary McDonnell) a white woman raised by the tribe. November 19, 2018 firstmagnitude 5193 Views 8 Comments 1991 , After Dark My Sweet , Avalon , Awakenings , Dances with Wolves , Die Hard 2 , Goodfellas , Last Exit to Brooklyn , Monsieur Hire , Mountains of the Moon , Reversal of Fortune , Santa Sangre , The Cook the Thief His Wife and Her Lover , The Freshman , The Godfather Part Aug 11, 2022 · An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Year: 1990. Ordered to hold an abandoned army post, John Dunbar found himself alone, beyond the edge of civilization. In The Holy Road, sequel to Dances With Wolves, master storyteller Michael Blake at long last continues the saga. Grant, Floyd Red Crow Westerman, Maury Chaykin and Robert Pastorelli. John J. “Dances with Wolves” is a movie which can be characterized as an effective visual effort which addresses the aspects of the different cultures of the Lakota Indians. But this is a truly great movie, definitely a must watch. " (Ben Glass/Orion Pictures) Overcoming the language barrier and their mutual fear and distrust, Dunbar and the proud Indians gradually become friends. in its depiction of primitive, tribal life of Native Americans during this period and their interactions with various groups of Whites (poachers, military, settlers), it vividly depicts the complexities of "progress" as it moved west. Mar 3, 2019 · Dances With Wolves (1990): A Review. He is assigned to an adandoned fort, where a sioux tribe is his only neighbor. Blood is splattered across his shirt. Director. Dunbar (Kevin Costner) joins the Sioux tribe and embraces their way of life, becoming their ally in the face of growing danger. 3 min read · Jul 29, 2023--Listen. #3 in Global Rating. Synopsis: Lt. Michael Blake wrote the novel Dances With Wolves and the sequel The Holy Road. We also encourage you to support Ukraine in its defense of democracy by donating at #StandWithUkraine. Be the first one to write a review . Slightly more than a quarter of a century since it premiered (and slightly less than a quarter of a century since the first and only time I've seen it prior to now), I'm honestly shocked by how well Dances with Wolves holds up. John Dunbar (Costner) is dubbed a hero after he accidentally leads Union troops to a victory during the Civil War. Grant . Bloody tools are seen on a rack next to the cot. Full Review | Original Score: 3/4 | Nov 8, 2022 DANCES WITH WOLVES centers on Lt. November 21, 1990. Actor-director Kevin Costner as Lieut. Rated the #50 best film of 1990, and #4689 in the greatest all-time movies (according to RYM users). Who has Dunbars journal? That he will always be his friend. When he tries to get to know the Sioux, and he and they are feeling each other out, it’s like a sci-fi film that has the hero trying to communicate with an alien race. Mr. Truth be told, this is the best the film has ever looked and the 2. The New York Times. That being said, it's not for kids. Customer Reviews. 4. Civil War hero, Lt. It is also possible to rent "Dances with Wolves" on Amazon Video, Vudu, Apple TV, Google Play Movies, YouTube, Microsoft Lt. Overcoming the language barrier and their mutual fear and distrust, Dunbar and the proud Indians gradually become friends. Total orders: 5897. This week's films. A shining parable about hospitality, a human resource Dances with Wolves received awards and nominations in a variety of categories, with praise particularly going to Costner's direction, the lead and supporting acting performances, and the screenplay by Michael Blake as well as the film's cinematography, musical score, and editing. Discover. Dances with Wolves is currently available to stream, watch for free, watch with ads, rent, and buy in the United States. Having Dances with Wolves is a flawed but stunning film and a remarkable debut for first-time director Costner. It was written as a possible source for a screenplay, and was later adapted by the author, and was produced as a film of the same name in 1990 by Kevin Costner, although there were many differences between the novel and film. Kevin Costner’s moment at the top of his arc was undoubtedly Dances with Wolves – everything since has been part of his decline Nov 9, 1990 · Find trailers, reviews, synopsis, awards and cast information for Dances with Wolves (1990) - Kevin Costner on AllMovie - A historical drama about the relationship between… Dances With Wolves, on first viewing. Dean Semler’s cinematography looks beautiful in the very filmic transfer which combines striking colour with good He is assigned to an abandoned fort, where a Sioux tribe is his only neighbor. Best Price. Nov 1, 1990 · Author Biography: Kevin Costner won the Oscar for Best Director and, with co-producer Jim Wilson, won Best Picture for Dances With Wolves. May 4, 2015. The plot takes place during the American Civil War when a brave lieutenant John Dunbar finds himself in an abandoned fort and infiltrates Native American society. We value democratic peace and support Ukraine in its fight for freedom and democratic development. If the film’s visual splendor lacks profundity, Costner does provide a handful of transcendent moments. ; The protagonist, Lt. Writing essays, abstracts and scientific papers also falls into this category and can be done by another person. I highly recommend this movie. I've been trained for the last 30 years to hate Dances With Wolves sight unseen, and I finally gave it a shot today. Jan 21, 2014 · Andrew's Blu-ray Review: Leading man Kevin Costner made his directorial debut in 1990 with ‘Dances with Wolves,’ the fictional tale of a despondent white man who regains his sense of purpose with a tribe of American Indians against the backdrop of the western frontier. It is the story of a soldier who successfully builds an association with the tribe of Lakota Indians. Jan 14, 2011 - At last, Mar 30, 1990 · Summary. For the first time the West was shown as it really was, the corny, unrealistic films which you could often see on television were shown up for what they were, good stories which used the west as a setting for the story to take place. There, he falls in love with the frontier and becomes close to the local Native American people—much to his peers’ disapproval. It is a film adaptation of the 1988 book of the same name by Michael Blake and tells the story of a Union Army lieutenant who travels to the American frontier to find a military post, and his dealings with a group of Lakota Indians. (415) 520-5258. Dunbar, is a Jul 29, 2023 · Dances with Wolves Film Review. United States. As he spends time alone in the wilderness, he befriends a tribe of Lakota Sioux Indians and learns about their culture and way of life. He lies on a cot while two operatives lean over him. Oct 8, 2004 · Dances With Wolves: Special Edition DVD (1990) Kevin Costner defied all the odds with his stunning 1990 directorial debut Dances With Wolves, the story of a burned out Civil War soldier despatched Lots of action and violence, with quite a bit of blood for a PG-13, lots of hitting people with bow and arrows, shootings, people get hit on the head with the backs of guns. Dances with Wolves is a 1990 American epic Western film starring, directed, and produced by Kevin Costner in his feature directorial debut. The breakout stars of ''Dances With Wolves Apr 24, 2024 · Kevin Costner's 1990 epic Dances with Wolves is one of the greatest Western films and is credited with sparking interest in the genre in the '90s. Directed by Kevin Costner. Aug 12, 1988 · Paperback – August 12, 1988. Dances with Wolves Blu-ray Release Date January 13, 2015 (25th Anniversary Edition). PG13. The original release of Dances with Wolves is a whopping THREE HOURS long. Overlooked yet notable films about Native Americans. Hire a Writer. Oct 19, 1990 · Dances With Wolves. Eventually, he falls in love with the beautiful Stands With a Feb 2, 2011 · DANCES WITH WOLVES 20th Anniversary Extended Cut Blu-ray Review. 3 hr 46 mins. He had spent 4 Film Favorites: Kevin Costner (Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, Wyatt Earp, The Postman, JFK) Jun 23, 2023 · Jared Ross reviews the Best Picture Winner, Dances with Wolves. Genres NonfictionFilm. Michael Blake, who had been washing dishes in a Chinese restaurant when an old friend, Kevin Costner, asked him to adapt his own novel into a screenplay, which became Dances with Wolves: Directed by Kevin Costner. Where to Watch. by Pauline Kael. He has since starred in, produced, and directed many major motion pictures. No, it shouldn't have won over Goodfellas at that year's Oscars, it has elements of a "White Savior" film at its core, and Kevin Costner's mullets never age well Currently you are able to watch "Dances with Wolves" streaming on fuboTV, Epix Amazon Channel, MGM Plus Roku Premium Channel, Hoopla, MGM Plus, Showtime Apple TV Channel or for free with ads on The Roku Channel, Tubi TV. Ignore the cynics who prematurely pegged this venturesome three-hour western, which is star Kevin Costner’s directing debut, as Kevin’s Dec 23, 2023 · A Lakota elder and cultural advisor on the film adopted Costner as an honorary family member for the film’s sensitivity toward Natives; BTW, if you’re already feeling impatient at this point in the review, you’re in the wrong place. A four-hour special edition was K evin Costner's "Dances With Wolves" is a stunning combination of all-American boyishness and sweeping grandeur -- it's the movies' first regular-guy epic. Dunbar (Costner), who travels to the American frontier to find a military post, and who meets a group of Lakota. Cheap Blu-ray movies and deals. Dances with Wolves is a 1988 American Civil War novel by Michael Blake. Time does not stand still and the service is being modernized at an incredible speed. Watchlist. ip nj vr tp ti nx rz cj ju pu